According to Frytak (2000), designing a sampling tool involves two key steps: conceptualization and operationalization. Building upon this framework, I envision that the development and validation of the test will progress through four phases: test design, field testing, test revision,validation and norming

• Currently, we are in phases 2 and 3.
• We are planning to integrate this new test into a new iPad-based speech assessment platform that is currently being developed at Memorial University.

Word selection

<aside>

From the 5 corpora: words were selected based on spontaneity, age appropriateness, cultural relevance, and picturability.

• Expand to see the 5 corpora: </aside>

<aside>

• The Apple Mandarin speech test includes all consonants, glides, vowels and tones in standard Mandarin.
• At least two words were selected for each phoneme and phoneme combination
• Include words with all types of phonetic contexts (Onset + Rime)
• All the syllable shapes + twenty-one word shapes
• Short & long words: Words/phrases containing one to three syllables </aside>